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https www centaurgroupindia com – A centaur or occasionally hippocentaur, is a creature from Greek mythology with the upper body of a human and the lower body and legs of a horse.
In many Greek myths, centaurs are considered as wild as untamed horses, and are said to have inhabited the region of Magnesia and Mount Pelion in Thessaly, the Foloi oak forests in Elis, and the Malian peninsula in southern Laconia. Centaurs later appeared in Roman mythology and were well-known figures in the medieval bestiary. They are a staple of modern fantasy literature.
Etymology
The Greek word kentaros is generally considered to be of obscure origin. The etymology of ken + taros, ‘piercing bull’, is a Euhemerist suggestion in Palephatus’s rational text on Greek mythology, Incredible Tales, which includes mounted archers from Hertel’s bull village of Nephele. Scourges of the Ixian Empire. Another possible related etymology is “bull-slayer”.
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Centaur Reproduction
Centaurs are said to be born of Ixion and Nephele. According to the story, Nephele was a cloud created in Hera’s image, in a plot to trick Ixion into revealing his desire for Hera to Zeus. Ixion seduced Nephele, and from this relationship came the Centaurs. Another version, however, makes them the children of centaurs who mated with Magnesian mares. Centaurus was the son of Ixion and Nephele (inserting an additional generation) or Apollo and the nymph Stilbe. In a more recent version of the story, Centaurus’ twin brother is Lapiths, the ancestor of Lapiths.
Another tribe of centaurs is said to have lived in Cyprus. Unlike mainland Greece, Cypriot centaurs had horns.
Lamion Peres of the river Lamos, had twelve ancient daimones (spirits). They were placed by Zeus to protect the infant Dionysus, protecting him from the machinations of Hera, but the enraged goddess turned them into bull-horned centaurs. Lamion Peres later joined Dionysus in his campaign against the Indians.
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According to the origin myth, the centaurs were most famous for their battles with the Lapiths, who were cousins of the centaurs. The battle, known as the Centauromachy, cause by the centaurs attempting to take Hippodamia and the other Lapith women on the day of Hippodamia’s wedding to Brythos, son of Hippodamia and Ixion.
Theseus, a hero and founder of cities, attended, tipping the scales in favor of the Lapitas by aiding Pirithous in battle. The centaurs were banished or destroyed. Another Lapith hero, Canius, who was invulnerable to weapons, was attacked by centaurs using rocks and wooden poles on the earth. https www centaurgroupindia com
In the essay “The Centaur: Its History and Meaning in Human Culture”, Elizabeth Lawrence asserts that the disputes between centaurs and lapiths exemplify the struggle between civilization and savagery.
The Origin of the Legend
The most shared theory holds that the idea of centaurs arose from the first reaction of a non-riding culture to the horse-mounted nomads of the Minoan Aegean world. The theory goes that such knights appear half-human and half-beast.
Bernal Díaz del Castillo The Aztecs also had this misconception about the Spanish knights. In mythology the Lapith tribe of Thessaly, relatives of the centaurs, were described by Greek writers as the inventors of horseback riding.
Robert Graves (drawing on the work of Georges Dumesil, who argued for post-Indian tracking of centaurs), speculates that centaurs were a pre-Hellenic form of fraternal land cult with the horse as totem. Mary Renault’s The Bull from the Seal incorporated a similar theory.
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Female Centaurs
Female centaurs, called centaurs or centaurs, appear occasionally in Late Antiquity, although they are not mention in Greek literature and art. An early example of a centaur in Macedonian mosaic art from the 4th century BC.
India
The Kalibangan cylinder seal, dated 2600-1900 BC, found at the site of the Indus Valley Civilization, shows a battle between humans in the presence of centaur-like creatures. Other sources suggest that the creatures depicted were actually half-man and half-tiger, and later evolved into Hindu gods of war. These seals are evidence of Indo-Mesopotamian relations in the 3rd millennium BC. https www centaurgroupindia com
In a popular legend associated with the old Srikandeswaram temple in Thiruvananthapuram, the curse of a Brahmin monk transformed a handsome Yadava prince into a creature with the body of a horse and the prince’s head, arms and torso instead of the prince’s head and neck.
Kinnarus, another mythical half-man, half-horse creature from Indian mythology, has appeared in various ancient texts, art and sculptures across India. It is publiciz as a horse with the torso of a man in place of a horse’s head, and resembles the Greek centaur.
Russia
The half-human, half-horse centaur-like creature known as Bolgan appeared in Russian folk art and Lubbock prints of the 17th and 19th centuries. Polgan was originally based on the half-dog Pulicaine from Andrea da Barberino’s poem I Reali di Francia, which was once popular in prosaic translations in the Slavic world.
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Classical Art
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Among the extensive Mycenaean earthenware found at Ugarit were two fragmentary Mycenaean terracotta figures that have been identifi as centaurs. This discovery suggests a Bronze Age origin of these mythical creatures. A painted soil centaur was found in the “tomb of the hero” at Lefkandi, and centaurs were among the first representational figures paint on Greek pottery during the Geometric period. The most frequently published Geometric Period bronze, a warrior facing a centaur, is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. https www centaurgroupindia com
In ancient Greek art, centaurs are represente in three dissimilar forms. Some centaurs are portraye with a human torso attach to the horse’s body where the horse’s neck would be; This form, designate “Class A” by Professor Paul Burr, has since become standard. “Class B” centaurs are represente with a human body and legs attached at the waist to the rear of a horse; In some cases, Class A and Class B centaurs appear together. A third type, chosen “Class C,” depicts centaurs with human forelimbs. Bauer describes this as an obvious development of air art, which was not particularly widespread. In the later period, paintings on some amphorae depict winged centaurs.
Centaurs are also frequently depicte in Roman art. An example is the pair of centaurs depicting the chariot of Constantine the Great and his family in the Great Cameo of Constantine (c. 314–16 AD), which includes purely pagan imagery and contrasts sharply with the popular image of Constantine as patron. of Constantine. Primitive Christianity.
Medieval Art
“The Man of the Zodiac”, 15th c. A diagram of the human body and astrological symbols with instructions in Welsh illustrating the significance of astrology from a medical perspective; A centaur is represented around the thighs below Sagittarius [genitals] and above Capricorn [knees].
The 12th-century carved Romanesque capitals at Mossack Abbey preserve a Dionysian connection to the Centaurs at Auvergne. Other similar capitals depict reapers, boys riding goats (another Dionysian theme), and griffins guarding chalices holding wine. Although outside the boundaries of the Roman Empire, these representations seem to derive from classical precedents.
Modern Art
John C. at the University of Tennessee. Hodges Library has a “Volos Centaur” permanent exhibit in its library. Sculptor Phil Willers juxtaposes a exploratory human skeleton with a Shetland pony skeleton and asks, “Do you believe in centaurs?” It is titled. According to the exhibitors, the aim was to trick students into thinking more critically.
In heraldry
Centaurs are share in European heraldry, although more recurrent in continental than in British arms. But, a centaur land a bow is refer to as a sagittarius.
Literature
Classical literature
Jerome’s form of the Life of St. Anthony the Great, written by Athanasius of Alexandria about the saint of Egypt, was widely circulate in the Middle Ages; Antony’s encounter with a centaur who defies the monk but is force to acknowledge the overthrow of the old gods.
This episode was often depicte in The Meeting of St. Anthony Abbot and St. Paul the Hermit by the painter Stefano di Giovanni. Known as “Sacetta.” After that, One of the two episodic depictions of Saint Anthony’s journey to greet Saint Paul is an encounter with the ghostly figure of a centaur on his way through a forest.
Lucretius, in his 1st century BC philosophical poem On the Nature of Things. Denied the existence of centaurs based on their different growth rates. At three years of age, he says, horses are in the prime of their lives. And since humans of the same age are still little more than children, hybrid animals are impossible.
Medieval Literature
Moreover, Centaurs were among the creatures that the 14th-century Italian poet Dante had as guardians in his Inferno. But, in Canto XII, Dante and his mentor Virgil find a group led. But, by Chiron and Pholus guarding the banks of the Phlegethon in the seventh circle of Hell. A river of boiling blood in which the violent against their neighbors plunge, shooting arrows at those who move.
If the depth is shallower than your assigned station. But, the two poets are treat with respect, and Nessus leads them to a castle. In Canto XXIV, in the Eighth Circle, Bolgia 7, a pit in which the thieves are confine, they meet but do not speak with Cacus (an elder in ancient sources), a serpent-covered and fire-breathing dragon. After that, Shoulders came to punish a sinner who cursed God. In his Purgatory, an invisible spirit on the sixth terrace cites centaurs (“the double-breasted drunkards who fought with Theseus”) as examples of the sin of gluttony.
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